RBB
insider transactionsRBB Bancorp — buys & sells by directors, officers and 10% owners A shareholder owning more than 10% of the company. Must report trades, but usually a weaker signal than an officer or director. (SEC Form 4).
Net shares · 365d
-28.9K
0 buy · 28.9K sell
Net value · 365d
-$696.9K
$0 in · $696.9K out
Sentiment · 365d
Net selling
0% buying · 100% selling
Open-market trades · 365d
6
0 buy · 28.9K sell
Net buy / sell volume
Not enough data to chart yet.
Tap or hover the chart for daily net volume. Green = net buying, red = net selling.
All transactions
-
Sell·S
Director
$46.7K
1.9K sh · $23.99
Own -4%
-
Sell·S
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$56.9K
2.4K sh · $24.01
Own -100%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.1K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.8K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.1K sh
Own +4%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +1%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.5K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own +35%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +15%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.5K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own +14%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +6%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.5K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.8K sh
Own +29%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +12%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.9K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.6K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
1.9K sh
Own +4%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +1%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.0K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.7K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.0K sh
Own +0%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +0%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.2K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.9K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.2K sh
Own +1%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +0%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.2K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
Director
$0
2.9K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.2K sh
Own +17%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own +6%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
700 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
1.5K sh
Own +100%
-
Other·F
EVP
$12.7K
526 sh · $24.05
Own -1%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$35.2K
1.5K sh · $24.05
Own +2%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$0
4.4K sh
Own +100%
-
Other·F
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$37.6K
1.6K sh · $24.05
Own -10%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$104.8K
4.4K sh · $24.05
Own +37%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
671 sh
Own +50%
-
Other·F
EVP
$5.8K
241 sh · $24.05
Own -1%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$16.1K
671 sh · $24.05
Own +4%
-
Other·F
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$20.2K
840 sh · $24.05
Own -12%
-
Exercise·M
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$56.3K
2.3K sh · $24.05
Own +49%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$0
1.5K sh
Own +100%
-
Other·F
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$12.5K
521 sh · $24.05
Own -18%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$34.9K
1.5K sh · $24.05
Own +101%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
993 sh
Own +50%
-
Other·F
EVP
$9.8K
409 sh · $24.05
Own -11%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$23.9K
993 sh · $24.05
Own +36%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$0
522 sh
Own +50%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$0
1.7K sh
Own +100%
-
Other·F
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$15.0K
624 sh · $24.05
Own -30%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$41.8K
1.7K sh · $24.05
Own +520%
-
Other·F
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$4.5K
188 sh · $24.05
Own -36%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Risk Officer
$12.6K
522 sh · $24.05
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$182.5K
10.0K sh · $18.25
Own New
-
Sell·S
Director
$242.3K
10.0K sh · $24.23
Own -16%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$182.5K
10.0K sh · $18.25
Own +19%
-
Sell·S
Director
$107.5K
4.5K sh · $23.90
Own -9%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$127.0K
6.0K sh · $21.17
Own +100%
-
Sell·S
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$144.2K
6.0K sh · $24.04
Own -81%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$127.0K
6.0K sh · $21.17
Own +418%
-
Sell·S
Director
$99.2K
4.1K sh · $24.07
Own -100%
-
Exercise·M
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$0
1.9K sh
Own +50%
-
Other·F
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$16.6K
688 sh · $24.13
Own -13%
-
Exercise·M
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$46.3K
1.9K sh · $24.13
Own +54%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$0
1.3K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$26.9K
1.3K sh · $20.43
Own +221%
-
Other·F
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$9.6K
472 sh · $20.43
Own -25%
-
Exercise·M
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$0
1.9K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$38.4K
1.9K sh · $20.43
Own +80%
-
Other·F
HOPKINS LYNN M KEY
EVP/CFO
$13.8K
674 sh · $20.43
Own -16%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
1.3K sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$9.7K
476 sh · $20.43
Own -1%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$27.1K
1.3K sh · $20.43
Own +2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
1.8K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$37.5K
1.8K sh · $20.43
Own +11%
-
Other·F
EVP
$13.5K
659 sh · $20.43
Own -4%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$0
2.7K sh
Own New
-
Other·F
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$20.1K
984 sh · $20.43
Own -8%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$56.0K
2.7K sh · $20.43
Own +27%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
3.2K sh
Own New
-
Other·F
Director
$25.2K
1.2K sh · $20.43
Own -3%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$64.6K
3.2K sh · $20.43
Own +7%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$0
1.0K sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$9.3K
417 sh · $22.20
Own -41%
-
Exercise·M
EVP/Chief Operations Officer
$22.4K
1.0K sh · $22.20
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.2K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$49.4K
2.2K sh · $22.20
Own +5%
-
Other·F
Director
$19.3K
868 sh · $22.20
Own -2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
667 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$14.8K
667 sh · $22.20
Own +28%
-
Other·F
EVP
$6.1K
275 sh · $22.20
Own -9%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
932 sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$8.5K
384 sh · $22.20
Own -2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$20.7K
932 sh · $22.20
Own +6%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
922 sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$8.4K
380 sh · $22.20
Own -1%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$20.5K
922 sh · $22.20
Own +2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
744 sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$6.8K
307 sh · $22.20
Own -2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$16.5K
744 sh · $22.20
Own +5%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$0
1.1K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$24.4K
1.1K sh · $22.20
Own +12%
-
Other·F
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$10.1K
453 sh · $22.20
Own -4%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
842 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$18.2K
842 sh · $21.56
Own +1%
-
Exercise·M
Director
$0
2.6K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
Director
$56.1K
2.6K sh · $21.56
Own +6%
-
Other·F
Director
$21.9K
1.0K sh · $21.56
Own -2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
575 sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$5.1K
237 sh · $21.56
Own -9%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$12.4K
575 sh · $21.56
Own +28%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
659 sh
Own New
-
Other·F
EVP
$5.9K
272 sh · $21.56
Own -2%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$14.2K
659 sh · $21.56
Own +4%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
1.2K sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$25.9K
1.2K sh · $21.56
Own +8%
-
Other·F
EVP
$10.7K
496 sh · $21.56
Own -3%
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$0
842 sh
Own New
-
Exercise·M
EVP
$18.2K
842 sh · $21.56
Own +1%
-
Exercise·M
Chief Accounting Officer
$0
767 sh
Own +50%
-
Exercise·M
Chief Accounting Officer
$15.0K
767 sh · $19.56
Own New
-
Other·F
Chief Accounting Officer
$5.4K
275 sh · $19.56
Own -36%
-
Exercise·M
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$0
5.5K sh
Own New
-
Grant·A
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$100.4K
5.5K sh · $18.25
Own +93%
-
Other·F
LEE JOHNNY C KEY
President/CEO
$35.9K
2.0K sh · $18.25
Own -17%
| Date▾ | Insider | Type | Shares | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 4, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Sell S | 1.9K | $46.7K |
| May 26, 2026 | Fan Gary | Sell S | 2.4K | $56.9K |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Lee Joyce | Exercise M | 2.1K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Lee Joyce | Grant A | 2.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Lee Joyce | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Lee Joyce | Exercise M | 2.1K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Lee Joyce | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Frank | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Frank | Grant A | 2.5K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Frank | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Frank | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Wong Frank | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Polakoff Scott | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Polakoff Scott | Grant A | 2.5K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Polakoff Scott | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Polakoff Scott | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Polakoff Scott | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Pannu Geraldine | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Pannu Geraldine | Grant A | 2.5K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Pannu Geraldine | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Pannu Geraldine | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Pannu Geraldine | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 1.9K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Grant A | 2.6K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 1.9K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | LIN CHUANG I | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | LIN CHUANG I | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao James | Exercise M | 2.0K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao James | Grant A | 2.7K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao James | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao James | Exercise M | 2.0K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao James | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao Christina | Exercise M | 2.2K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao Christina | Grant A | 2.9K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao Christina | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao Christina | Exercise M | 2.2K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Kao Christina | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Franko Robert | Exercise M | 2.2K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Franko Robert | Grant A | 2.9K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Franko Robert | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Franko Robert | Exercise M | 2.2K | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Franko Robert | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Bennett Bill | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 21, 2026 | Bennett Bill | Exercise M | 700 | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 1.5K | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Other F | 526 | $12.7K |
| May 8, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 1.5K | $35.2K |
| May 8, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 4.4K | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Other F | 1.6K | $37.6K |
| May 8, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 4.4K | $104.8K |
| May 8, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 671 | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Other F | 241 | $5.8K |
| May 8, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 671 | $16.1K |
| May 8, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Other F | 840 | $20.2K |
| May 8, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Exercise M | 2.3K | $56.3K |
| May 8, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.5K | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Fan Gary | Other F | 521 | $12.5K |
| May 8, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.5K | $34.9K |
| May 8, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 993 | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Other F | 409 | $9.8K |
| May 8, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 993 | $23.9K |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Exercise M | 522 | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Exercise M | 1.7K | $0 |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Other F | 624 | $15.0K |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Exercise M | 1.7K | $41.8K |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Other F | 188 | $4.5K |
| May 8, 2026 | Mina S. Rizkalla | Exercise M | 522 | $12.6K |
| May 7, 2026 | LIN CHUANG I | Exercise M | 10.0K | $182.5K |
| May 7, 2026 | LIN CHUANG I | Sell S | 10.0K | $242.3K |
| May 7, 2026 | LIN CHUANG I | Exercise M | 10.0K | $182.5K |
| May 4, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Sell S | 4.5K | $107.5K |
| Apr 29, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 6.0K | $127.0K |
| Apr 29, 2026 | Fan Gary | Sell S | 6.0K | $144.2K |
| Apr 29, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 6.0K | $127.0K |
| Apr 23, 2026 | Bennett Bill | Sell S | 4.1K | $99.2K |
| Apr 22, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Exercise M | 1.9K | $0 |
| Apr 22, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Other F | 688 | $16.6K |
| Apr 22, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Exercise M | 1.9K | $46.3K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.3K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.3K | $26.9K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Other F | 472 | $9.6K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Exercise M | 1.9K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Exercise M | 1.9K | $38.4K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | HOPKINS LYNN M KEY | Other F | 674 | $13.8K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 1.3K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Other F | 476 | $9.7K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 1.3K | $27.1K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 1.8K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 1.8K | $37.5K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Other F | 659 | $13.5K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 2.7K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Other F | 984 | $20.1K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 2.7K | $56.0K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 3.2K | $0 |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Other F | 1.2K | $25.2K |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 3.2K | $64.6K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.0K | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Other F | 417 | $9.3K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Fan Gary | Exercise M | 1.0K | $22.4K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 2.2K | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 2.2K | $49.4K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Other F | 868 | $19.3K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 667 | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 667 | $14.8K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Other F | 275 | $6.1K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 932 | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Other F | 384 | $8.5K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 932 | $20.7K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 922 | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Other F | 380 | $8.4K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 922 | $20.5K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 744 | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Other F | 307 | $6.8K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 744 | $16.5K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 1.1K | $0 |
| Feb 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 1.1K | $24.4K |
| Feb 20, 2026 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Other F | 453 | $10.1K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 842 | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 842 | $18.2K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 2.6K | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Exercise M | 2.6K | $56.1K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Morris David Richard | Other F | 1.0K | $21.9K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 575 | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Other F | 237 | $5.1K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Chang Ashley | Exercise M | 575 | $12.4K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 659 | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Other F | 272 | $5.9K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Huang Tsu Te | Exercise M | 659 | $14.2K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 1.2K | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Exercise M | 1.2K | $25.9K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Liu Vincent | Other F | 496 | $10.7K |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 842 | $0 |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Yeh Jeffrey | Exercise M | 842 | $18.2K |
| Aug 19, 2025 | Hanson Diana | Exercise M | 767 | $0 |
| Aug 19, 2025 | Hanson Diana | Exercise M | 767 | $15.0K |
| Aug 19, 2025 | Hanson Diana | Other F | 275 | $5.4K |
| Jul 21, 2025 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Exercise M | 5.5K | $0 |
| Jul 21, 2025 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Grant A | 5.5K | $100.4K |
| Jul 21, 2025 | LEE JOHNNY C KEY | Other F | 2.0K | $35.9K |
About RBB insider trading
This page tracks insider transactions for RBB Bancorp (RBB) reported to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 4. Corporate insiders — directors, executive officers and beneficial owners of more than 10% of the stock — must disclose their trades within two business days. Open-market purchases (code P) and sales (code S) made at the insider's discretion are the most-watched opportunistic signals, while awards (A), option exercises (M) and tax-withholding (F) reflect compensation rather than conviction. Trades marked 10b5-1 were made under a pre-arranged plan and are considered routine. A cluster buy — several insiders buying within a short window — is historically a stronger bullish indicator than any single trade.